EARTH SCIENCE
CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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using remote sensing from space with satellites
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by ground-based measurements of surface temperatures, carbon dioxide concentration and sea level
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by collecting “proxy data” from tree rings, ice cores, and historical records
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all of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -When scientists focus on climate from before the past 100-150 years, they use records from physical, chemical, and biological materials preserved within the geologic record. Organisms (such as diatoms, forams, and coral) can serve as useful climate proxies.
Detailed explanation-2: -Scientists study Earth’s climate and how it changes in a variety of different ways, using satellite, instrumental, historical, and environmental records. One challenge of using satellite and instrumental data is that their lifespans have been rather short when compared to Earth’s life.
Detailed explanation-3: -Ice cores drawn from Greenland, Antarctica, and tropical mountain glaciers show that Earth’s climate responds to changes in greenhouse gas levels. Ancient evidence can also be found in tree rings, ocean sediments, coral reefs, and layers of sedimentary rocks.
Detailed explanation-4: -Scientists take cores and count the rings to find the age of a tree. The thickness of each ring indicates what the climate was like each year. Tree rings can reliably show and date climate conditions up to 10, 000 years ago.
Detailed explanation-5: -Generating power. Generating electricity and heat by burning fossil fuels causes a large chunk of global emissions. Manufacturing goods. Cutting down forests. Using transportation. Producing food. Powering buildings. Consuming too much.