GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Porosity refers to how porous something is. Porous objects absorb and retain more water than less porous objects. An example of a highly porous object would be a sponge.

Detailed explanation-2: -Clay is the most porous sediment but is the least permeable. Clay usually acts as an aquitard, impeding the flow of water. Gravel and sand are both porous and permeable, making them good aquifer materials. Gravel has the highest permeability.

Detailed explanation-3: -Porosity is a measure of the volume of open space in rocks and unconsolidated, geological materials like alluvium and soils. Permeability is the physical force that pushes water below the water table through a porous, rock material. The water table is a surface separating the saturated and unsaturated zones.

Detailed explanation-4: -Sandy soils have rather large particles and large pore spaces (macro pores).