EARTH SCIENCE
CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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direct data that is used to build a climate model of the past
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direct data that tells us what the temperature was at the time
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indirect data that measures the amount of living organisms present on the planet during an ice age
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indirect data that is used to build a climate model of the past, temperature, carbon and methane
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Detailed explanation-1: -Paleoclimatologists gather proxy data from natural recorders of climate variability such as corals, pollen, ice cores, tree rings, caves, pack rat middens, ocean and lake sediments, and historical data.
Detailed explanation-2: -Organisms, such as diatoms, forams, and coral serve as useful climate proxies. Other proxies include ice cores, tree rings, and sediment cores (which include diatoms, foraminifera, microbiota, pollen, and charcoal within the sediment and the sediment itself).
Detailed explanation-3: -Proxy data can provide insights on a range of climate-relevant changes. These include sudden events – such as volcanic eruptions or floods – and gradual, long-term trends – such as warming and cooling, drought, changing sea levels, cyclone patterns, monsoon seasons, fluctuating atmospheric CO2 or thinning ice sheets.
Detailed explanation-4: -A proxy climate indicator is a local record that is interpreted using physical or biophysical principles to represent some combination of climate-related variations back in time.