GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Some of the fastest-warming regions on the planet include Alaska, Greenland and Siberia. These Arctic environments are highly sensitive to even small temperature increases, which can melt sea ice, ice sheets and permafrost, and lead to changes in Earth’s reflectance ("albedo").

Detailed explanation-2: -Where have some of the strongest and earliest impacts of global warming occurred? Some of the fastest-warming regions on the planet include Alaska, Greenland and Siberia.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Arctic is one of the ecosystems most vulnerable to the effects of climate change, as it is warming at least twice the rate of the global average and melting land ice sheets and glaciers contribute dramatically to sea level rise around the globe.

Detailed explanation-4: -Fossil fuels – coal, oil and gas – are by far the largest contributor to global climate change, accounting for over 75 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions and nearly 90 per cent of all carbon dioxide emissions.

Detailed explanation-5: -Earth’s global average surface temperature in 2020 statistically tied with 2016 as the hottest year on record, continuing a long-term warming trend due to human activities. This graph shows the change in global surface temperature compared to the long-term average from 1951 to 1980.