GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The slowest (and latest to arrive on seismograms ) are surface waves, such as the L wave. L waves are named for the Cambridge mathematician A.E.H. Love who first described them. The surface waves are generally the largest recorded from an earthquake.

Detailed explanation-2: -Surface waves travel more slowly through Earth material at the planet’s surface and are predominantly lower frequency than body waves. They are easily distinguished on a seismogram.

Detailed explanation-3: -L g waves have a typical group velocity of about 3.5 km/s and can be large-amplitude arrivals on all three components of motion (vertical, radial, and transverse) out to 1000 km. L g phases are the main high-frequency arrival at regional distances in regions of thick continental crust. Fig.

Detailed explanation-4: -In physics, a surface wave is a mechanical wave that propagates along the interface between differing media. A common example is gravity waves along the surface of liquids, such as ocean waves. Gravity waves can also occur within liquids, at the interface between two fluids with different densities.

Detailed explanation-5: -Anomalously hot areas slow down seismic waves. Seismic waves move more slowly through a liquid than a solid. Molten areas within the Earth slow down P waves and stop S waves because their shearing motion cannot be transmitted through a liquid.