GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Transform plate boundaries produce enormous and deadly earthquakes. These quakes at transform faults have a shallow focus. This is because the plates slide past each other without moving up or down. The San Andreas Fault that runs through much of California is an enormous transform plate boundary.

Detailed explanation-2: -About 80% of earthquakes occur where plates are pushed together, called convergent boundaries. Another form of convergent boundary is a collision where two continental plates meet head-on.

Detailed explanation-3: -Transform boundaries typically produce large, shallow-focus earthquakes. Although earthquakes do occur in the central regions of plates, these regions do not usually have large earthquakes.

Detailed explanation-4: -The third type of plate boundary occurs where tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other. This is known as a transform plate boundary. As the plates rub against each other, huge stresses can cause portions of the rock to break, resulting in earthquakes.

Detailed explanation-5: -The grinding action between the plates at a transform plate boundary results in shallow earthquakes, large lateral displacement of rock, and a broad zone of crustal deformation. Perhaps nowhere on Earth is such a landscape more dramatically displayed than along the San Andreas Fault in western California.