GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave arrivals, the further away the earthquake was from the seismograph. First, seismologists calculate the arrival time difference. Then they know the distance to the epicenter from that seismograph.

Detailed explanation-2: -By looking at the seismograms from different recording stations, we can find out the epicentre of the earthquake. The signals arrive first at the closest station and last at the one furthest away. The time difference between the P-and S-waves tells us the distance the earthquake is from the seismometer.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each seismograph records the times when the first (P waves) and second (S waves) seismic waves arrive. From that information, scientists can determine how fast the waves are traveling. Knowing this helps them calculate the distance from the epicenter to each seismograph.

Detailed explanation-4: -The simplest method of locating an earthquake on a globe is to find the time interval between the P-and S-wave arrivals at several seismograph stations. The distance to the earthquake from each station is then determined from standard travel-time tables and travel-time curves.

Detailed explanation-5: -Answer and Explanation: Seismologists align the seismograph with the time-distance graph by aligning the first appearance of the S-wave with the S-wave curve on the time-distance graph.