GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The tectonic plates are always slowly moving, but they get stuck at their edges due to friction. When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that releases energy in waves that travel through the earth’s crust and cause the shaking that we feel.

Detailed explanation-2: -When oceanic or continental plates slide past each other in opposite directions, or move in the same direction but at different speeds, a transform fault boundary is formed. No new crust is created or subducted, and no volcanoes form, but earthquakes occur along the fault.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stress builds up, and when it becomes too much, the plates suddenly slip past one another, and the rocky, brittle lithosphere cracks. These cracks are called faults. It is the energy released by the sudden movement on these faults that causes most earthquakes.

Detailed explanation-4: -As the plates move past each other, they sometimes get caught and pressure builds up. When the plates finally give and slip due to the increased pressure, energy is released as seismic waves, causing the ground to shake. This is an earthquake. Some of the plates have ocean water above them.

Detailed explanation-5: -When a rupture occurs along a fault, the strain energy stored on either side of the fault is released in the form of seismic waves and heat. These seismic waves propagate away from the ruptured fault zone and through the geologic layers of rock and soil.