EARTH SCIENCE
EARTHQUAKES
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Deep-ocean sediments will travel great distances.
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No destruction will occur near the origin of the earthquake.
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The magnitude of the earthquake will determine the direction of the tsunami.
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Severe destruction will occur in some coastal areas.
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Detailed explanation-1: -When a sudden displacement of a large volume of water occurs, or if the sea floor is suddenly raised or dropped by an earthquake, big tsunami waves can be formed. The waves travel out of the area of origin and can be extremely dangerous and damaging when they reach the shore.
Detailed explanation-2: -A tsunami is a very large coastal wave that is most often the result of an underwater earthquake. The word tsunami comes from the Japanese meaning a ‘harbour wave’. Most large tsunamis occur at convergent plate boundaries where two tectonic plates are crashing into each other.
Detailed explanation-3: -More than 80% of the world’s tsunamis occur in the Pacific along its Ring of Fire subduction zones. When a great earthquake ruptures, the faulting can cause vertical slip that is large enough to disturb the overlying ocean, thus generating a tsunami that will travel outwards in all directions.
Detailed explanation-4: -There are three factors of destructions from tsunamis: inundation, wave impact on structures, and erosion. Strong, tsunami-induced currents lead to the erosion of foundations and the collapse of bridges and seawalls.