GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -They are transverse waves, which means that the motion is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. S waves can only travel through solids, and scientists have successfully mapped the earth’s interior by studying the routes of these waves.

Detailed explanation-2: -P waves travel fastest and are the first to arrive from the earthquake. In S or shear waves, rock oscillates perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. In rock, S waves generally travel about 60% the speed of P waves, and the S wave always arrives after the P wave.

Detailed explanation-3: -P waves can travel through liquid and solids and gases, while S waves only travel through solids. Scientists use this information to help them determine the structure of Earth. For example, if an earthquake occurs on one side of Earth, seismometers around the globe can measure the resulting S and P waves. SF Fig.

Detailed explanation-4: -After both P and S waves have moved through the body of Earth, they are followed by surface waves, which travel along Earth’s surface. Surface waves travel only through solid media. They are slower-moving than body waves but are much larger and therefore more destructive.

Detailed explanation-5: -Surface waves, in this mechanical sense, are commonly known as either Love waves (L waves) or Rayleigh waves. A seismic wave is a wave that travels through the Earth, often as the result of an earthquake or explosion.