GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Earthquakes occur on faults-strike-slip earthquakes occur on strike-slip faults, normal earthquakes occur on normal faults, and thrust earthquakes occur on reverse or thrust faults. When an earthquake occurs on one of these faults, the rock on one side of the fault slips with respect to the other.

Detailed explanation-2: -Normal, or Dip-slip, faults are inclined fractures where the blocks have mostly shifted vertically. If the rock mass above an inclined fault moves down, the fault is termed normal, whereas if the rock above the fault moves up, the fault is termed a Reverse fault.

Detailed explanation-3: -It forms when rock above an inclined fracture plane moves downward, sliding along the rock on the other side of the fracture. Normal faults are often found along divergent plate boundaries, such as under the ocean where new crust is forming. Long, deep valleys can also be the result of normal faulting.

Detailed explanation-4: -Strike-Slip Faults A strike-slip fault is a fault where the pieces of rock on either side of the fault move horizontally along the fault in opposite directions of each other. Strike-slip faults are created by a type of stress known as shear stress, which pushes the two sides of rock past one another.

Detailed explanation-5: -An example of a normal fault is the 240-mile (150-kilometer) long Wasatch Fault underlying parts of Utah and Idaho, again caused by the Pacific plate driving under western North America. One magnitude 7.0 quake along the fault perhaps 550 years ago dropped the ground on one side of the fault by three feet (a meter).