GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Body waves. Body waves are generated due to the release of energy at the focus and move in all directions travelling through the interior of the earth.

Detailed explanation-2: -The focus is the place inside Earth’s crust where an earthquake originates. The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. When energy is released at the focus, seismic waves travel outward from that point in all directions.

Detailed explanation-3: -The earthquake can be in any direction, but must be the estimated distance away. Geometrically that means that the earthquake must be located on a circle surrounding the seismometer, and the radius of the circle is about eight times the observed wave travel-time difference (in kilometers).

Detailed explanation-4: -As seismic waves travel away from the focus they decrease in energy & intensity. Why does the most damage occur close to the fault? The most damage occurs close to the fault because it is where the greatest amount of energy is found.

Detailed explanation-5: -P-waves. P-waves, also known as primary waves or pressure waves, travel at the greatest velocity through the Earth.