GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -There are three types of stress: compression, tension, and shear. Stress can cause strain, if it is sufficient to overcome the strength of the object that is under stress. Strain is a change in shape or size resulting from applied forces (deformation). Rocks only strain when placed under stress.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stress represents the action of a force or moment on a structural member. If the force pulls the member (tension) it results in a tensile stress; if the force pushes the member (compression) it results in compressive stress. Tensile stresses stretch a member and compressive stresses squeeze a member.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are four types of stresses that affect rocks: confining, compression, tension, or shear. Rocks under stress may show strain or deformation. Deformation can be elastic or plastic, or the rock may fracture. The amount of stress on a rock may be greater than the rock’s strength.

Detailed explanation-4: -Stress and Strain A uniform stress is where the forces act equally from all directions. In the Earth the pressure due to the weight of overlying rocks is a uniform stress and is referred to as confining stress. If stress is not equal from all directions then the stress is a differential stress.

Detailed explanation-5: -Shearing Stress is defined as: “A type of stress that acts coplanar with cross section of material.” Shear stress arises due to shear forces. They are the pair of forces acting on opposite sides of a body with the same magnitude and opposite direction.