GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mantle rock is generally denser and stronger than crustal rock and both P-and S-waves travel faster through the mantle than they do through the crust.

Detailed explanation-2: -Generally, p-wave velocity increases with depth and increases with increasing rigidity of a material. Therefore p-waves travel fastest through the solid, iron inner core of Earth.

Detailed explanation-3: -P waves can travel through liquid and solids and gases, while S waves only travel through solids. Scientists use this information to help them determine the structure of Earth.

Detailed explanation-4: -Sound waves are P-waves moving through the air. Because the earth’s mantle becomes more rigid and compressible as the depth below the asthenosphere increases, P-waves travel faster as they go deeper in the mantle. The density of the mantle also increases with depth below the asthenosphere.

Detailed explanation-5: -density-how much mass the material contains in a unit of volume; the greater the density of the material, the slower the P-waves.