GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Transverse Waves The particles do not move along with the wave; they simply oscillate up and down about their individual equilibrium positions as the wave passes by.

Detailed explanation-2: -Trochoidal motion of wind waves. While one normally associates an up and down motion with the passage of each wave. Actually, a circular motion occurs. It is this orbital motion of the water (or objects on the surface of the water) that causes an object to bob up and down, forward and backward as waves pass under it.

Detailed explanation-3: -S waves produce vertical and horizontal motion in the ground surface. Particle motion consists of alternating transverse motion. Particle motion is perpendicular to the direction of propagation (transverse).

Detailed explanation-4: -type of body wave, the S wave, travels only through solid material. With S waves, the particle motion is transverse to the direction of travel and involves a shearing of the transmitting rock.