GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When the crust is stretched by rock moving in opposite directions, compression occurs. Tension occurs; Tension causes volcanoes. A strike-slip fault is caused by shearing. Strike-slip faults are vertical (or nearly vertical) fractures where the blocks have mostly moved horizontally.

Detailed explanation-2: -Reverse fault-the block above the inclined fault moves up relative to the block below the fault. This fault motion is caused by compressional forces and results in shortening. A reverse fault is called a thrust fault if the dip of the fault plane is small. [Other names: reverse-slip fault or compressional fault.]

Detailed explanation-3: -When the Earth’s crust is pushed together via compression forces, it can experience geological processes called folding and faulting. Folding occurs when the Earth’s crust bends away from a flat surface. A bend upward results in an anticline and a bend downward results in a syncline.

Detailed explanation-4: -If plate motion compresses part of the crust, what landforms will form there in millions of years? Compressions make anticlines and synclines and this faulting and folding create mountains, plateaus, and valleys.

Detailed explanation-5: -There are three main types of fault which can cause earthquakes: normal, reverse (thrust) and strike-slip. Figure 1 shows the types of faults that can cause earthquakes. Figures 2 and 3 show the location of large earthquakes over the past few decades.