GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An S body wave (secondary body wave) is only about half as fast as a P wave and causes the rock to vibrate at right angles to the direction of wave travel (Figure 2). Both P and S waves can travel through solid rock, but only P waves can pass through a fluid medium.

Detailed explanation-2: -S waves, or secondary waves, are the waves directly following the P waves. As they move, S waves shear, or cut the rock they travel through sideways at right angles to the direction of motion.

Detailed explanation-3: -Love waves have a particle motion, which, like the S-wave, is transverse to the direction of propagation but with no vertical motion. Their side-to-side motion (like a snake wriggling) causes the ground to twist from side to side, that’s why Love waves cause the most damage to structures.

Detailed explanation-4: -S waves move rock particles up and down, or side-to-side, and are always perpendicular to the direction that the wave is traveling in (the direction of wave propagation).

Detailed explanation-5: -A transverse wave causes the particles in the medium (the substance that the wave travels through) to vibrate at right angles to the direction of the wave’s motion. A cork in water and the coils of a spring are examples of this. They move up and down as the wave passes.