GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Earthquake-resistant designs typically incorporate ductility (the ability of a building to bend, sway, and deform without collapsing) within the structure and its structural members. A ductile building is able to bend and flex when exposed to the horizontal or vertical shear forces of an earthquake.

Detailed explanation-2: -Thin walls with steel bars help to reduce the movement of the building. Sprinkler system to put out any fires. Shock absorbers in the base can absorb the shock waves produced by the earthquake. Shutters on windows to stop any falling glass.

Detailed explanation-3: -Steel plate walls system When such infill plates occupy each level within a framed bay of a structure, they constitute a SPSW system. Whereas most earthquake resistant construction methods are adapted from older systems, SPSW was invented entirely to withstand seismic activity.

Detailed explanation-4: -Diaphragms. A diaphragm is a structural element – typically horizontal – that transmits lateral loads to the vertical resisting elements of a structure. Shear Walls. Cross-Bracing. Trusses. Moment-Resisting Frames. 13-Jan-2020