GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -After the organism has been buried, more sediment, volcanic ash or lava can build up over the top of the buried organism and eventually all the layers harden into rock (they become ‘lithified’).

Detailed explanation-2: -Fossils are preserved parts of dead organisms. This is the impression of once-living organisms on the earth. Examples of fossils are animal bones, shells, stone imprints, cast molds, etc. Paleontology is the study of fossils.

Detailed explanation-3: -The most common method of fossilisation is petrification through a process called permineralisation. After a shell, bone or tooth is buried in sediment, it may be exposed to mineral-rich fluids moving through the porous rock material and becomes filled with preserving minerals such as calcium carbonate or silica.

Detailed explanation-4: -Fossils form in five ways: preservation of original remains, permineralization, molds and casts, replacement, and compression. Rock formations with exceptional fossils are called very important for scientists to study. They allow us to see information about organisms that we may not otherwise ever know.