GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Geographical isolation is a key element in allopatric speciation. If gene flow is interrupted for long enough by geographical barriers, populations can evolve independently and eventually form distinct species.

Detailed explanation-2: -Allopatric speciation, also known as geographic speciation, is speciation that occurs when biological populations of the same species become isolated due to geographical changes such as mountain building or social changes such as emigration.

Detailed explanation-3: -The central idea here is that when populations are geographically separated, they will diverge from one another, both in the way they look and genetically. These changes might occur by natural selection or by random chance (i.e., genetic drift), and in both cases result in reproductive isolation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Allopatric speciation (1) occurs when a species separates into two separate groups which are isolated from one another. A physical barrier, such as a mountain range or a waterway, makes it impossible for them to breed with one another.