GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Early in the Carboniferous Period, Earth’s climate was warm. Later, glaciers formed at the poles, while equatorial regions were often warm and humid. Earth’s climate became similar to today’s, shifting between glacial and interglacial periods.

Detailed explanation-2: -During the Carboniferous, many new groups of plants evolved and great forests grew in the tropical swamps and deltas. Trees were not like those we know today, but mainly clubmosses and horsetails, and the earliest gymnosperms (seed-bearing plants) like conifers and seed ferns also developed.

Detailed explanation-3: -So, the correct option is ‘giant lycopods, horsetails and ferns’.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Carboniferous Period lasted from about 359.2 to 299 million years ago* during the late Paleozoic Era. The term “Carboniferous” comes from England, in reference to the rich deposits of coal that occur there. These deposits of coal occur throughout northern Europe, Asia, and midwestern and eastern North America.