GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Gene duplication, mutation, or other processes can produce new genes and alleles and increase genetic variation. New genetic variation can be created within generations in a population, so a population with rapid reproduction rates will probably have high genetic variation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mutations and sexual reproduction increase genetic variation in a population. Natural selection occurs when environmental pressures favor certain traits that are passed on to offspring. The “big prize” in natural selection is passing on genetic information.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mutation Generates New Alleles Mutation creates slightly different versions of the same genes, called alleles. These small differences in DNA sequence make every individual unique. They account for the variation we see in human hair color, skin color, height, shape, behavior, and susceptibility to disease.

Detailed explanation-4: -Genetic variation is increased by meiosis Because of recombination and independent assortment in meiosis, each gamete contains a different set of DNA. This produces a unique combination of genes in the resulting zygote.

Detailed explanation-5: -Environmental exposures such as tobacco smoke, UV light, and aristolochic acid can result in increased mutation rates in cancer genomes. Mutation rates across individuals are also impacted by variability in the activity of certain cellular processes.