GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Answer: The correct option for this question is (b) RCC framed structure.

Detailed explanation-2: -Definition. Earthquake resistant design consists of an evaluation of the earthquake excitation and the structure response to this excitation at a particular site in order to provide a structural system that will not collapse, that may prevent loss of life and will limit economic loss during an earthquake.

Detailed explanation-3: -According to the World Steel Association, ductile buildings are safer as they dissipate energy from seismic waves. A building will typically have ductile parts that can undergo plastic deformations without complete structural failure during an earthquake. Steel is the most common type of material for such parts.

Detailed explanation-4: -Building on loose sands or clays is to be avoided, since those surfaces can cause excessive movement and nonuniform stresses to develop during an earthquake. Furthermore, if the foundation is too shallow, it will deteriorate, and the structure will be less able to withstand shaking.