GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An aquifer is a body of rock and/or sediment that holds groundwater. Groundwater is the word used to describe precipitation that has infiltrated the soil beyond the surface and collected in empty spaces underground. There are two general types of aquifers: confined and unconfined.

Detailed explanation-2: -Permeability refers to how easily water passes through sediments and rock. Permeability is a function of the size of pore openings. If sediments are well sorted, pore spaces are uniformly sized, thereby allowing for groundwater flow readily between individual sediment particles.

Detailed explanation-3: -Groundwater is stored in aquifers, which are spaces below ground in which water is trapped within layers of sand and gravel. The water stored in aquifers originates as rain and snowmelt that flows downward from the surface through the different layers of soil.

Detailed explanation-4: -Figure 2 is a simple cartoon showing three different types of aquifers: confined, unconfined, and perched. Recharge zones are typically at higher altitudes but can occur wherever water enters an aquifer, such as from rain, snowmelt, river and reservoir leakage, or from irrigation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Sediment is the loose sand, clay, silt and other. soil particles that settle at the bottom of a body of water. Sediment can come from soil erosion or from the decomposition of plants and animals. Wind, water and ice help carry these particles to rivers, lakes and streams.