GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An aquifer is a body of porous rock or sediment saturated with groundwater. Groundwater enters an aquifer as precipitation seeps through the soil. It can move through the aquifer and resurface through springs and wells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Figure 2 is a simple cartoon showing three different types of aquifers: confined, unconfined, and perched. Recharge zones are typically at higher altitudes but can occur wherever water enters an aquifer, such as from rain, snowmelt, river and reservoir leakage, or from irrigation.

Detailed explanation-3: -Explanation: In all igneous rocks, the surface zone when highly weathered and disintegrated may become quite porous and permeable and hence water-bearing.

Detailed explanation-4: -An aquifer is defined as a body of rock or unconsolidated sediment that has sufficient permeability to allow water to flow through it.

Detailed explanation-5: -Because they have large and connected spaces, materials such as sand and gravel allow water to pass through, or permeate. They are thus known as permeable materials.