GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Aquifers that are bounded on the top and bottom by aquitards are called confined aquifers. In confined aquifers the groundwater is under pressure. If penetrated by a well, the water level in a confined aquifer will rise above the top of the aquifer.

Detailed explanation-2: -An artesian well is simply a well that doesn’t require a pump to bring water to the surface. This occurs when there is enough positive pressure in the aquifer to bring the water to the surface. An artesian aquifer is confined between impermeable rocks or clay which causes this positive pressure.

Detailed explanation-3: -Artesian Condition If a well is drilled into a confined aquifer, the water can rise above its level in the aquifer because of extra hydrostatic (fluid) pressure, and it is called an artesian condition.

Detailed explanation-4: -The geologic conditions necessary for an artesian well are an inclined aquifer sandwiched between impervious rock layers above and below that trap water in it.