GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Underneath the water table is the saturated zone, where water fills all spaces between sediments. The saturated zone is bounded at the bottom by impenetrable rock. The shape and height of the water table is influenced by the land surface that lies above it; it curves up under hills and drops under valleys.

Detailed explanation-2: -When gravity pulls the water in the ground deep enough, it fills all of the possible pores and cracks, forcing the air bubbles up. At this depth, the ground becomes saturated with water. The boundary between the unsaturated ground and the saturated ground is called the water table.

Detailed explanation-3: -After entering an aquifer, water moves slowly toward lower lying places and eventually is discharged from the aquifer from springs, seeps into streams, or is withdrawn from the ground by wells. Groundwater in aquifers between layers of poorly permeable rock, such as clay or shale, may be confined under pressure.

Detailed explanation-4: -Properly constructed, deeper wells ordinarily guarantee protection against bacterial contamination that can originate in surface water. Increasing the well and casing depth means surface water has to travel farther within filtering sources like soil and rock before reaching the water table.