GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The saturated zone, a zone in which all the pores and rock fractures are filled with water, underlies the unsaturated zone. The top of the saturated zone is called the water table (Diagram 1). The water table may be just below or hundreds of feet below the land surface.

Detailed explanation-2: -As the amount of groundwater water increases or decreases, the water table rises or falls accordingly. When the entire area below the ground is saturated, flooding occurs because all subsequent precipitation is forced to remain on the surface.

Detailed explanation-3: -Underneath the water table is the saturated zone, where water fills all spaces between sediments. The saturated zone is bounded at the bottom by impenetrable rock. The shape and height of the water table is influenced by the land surface that lies above it; it curves up under hills and drops under valleys.

Detailed explanation-4: -The height to which the soil remains saturated with negative pore pressures above the water table is called the capillary rise.

Detailed explanation-5: -In areas where a local water table rises near the surface, water can push against the underside of the foundation in a condition known as ‘hydrostatic pressure. ‘ This may cause water to infiltrate through the bottom of the foundation-even permeating solid concrete over time.