GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The CWA made it unlawful to discharge any pollutant from a point source into navigable waters, unless a permit was obtained: EPA’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program controls discharges. Point sources are discrete conveyances such as pipes or man-made ditches.

Detailed explanation-2: -As amended in 1972, the law became commonly known as the CWA. The 1972 amendments: Established the basic structure for regulating pollutant discharges into the waters of the United States. Provided the EPA the authority to implement pollution control programs such as setting wastewater standards for industries.

Detailed explanation-3: -The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines point source pollution as “any single identifiable source of pollution from which pollutants are discharged, such as a pipe, ditch, ship or factory smokestack.” Factories and sewage treatment plants are two common types of point sources.

Detailed explanation-4: -Under Water Act 1974, Sewage or pollutants cannot be discharged into water bodies including lakes and it is the duty of the state pollution control board to intervene and stop such activity. The Act prohibits disposal of any poisonous, noxious or polluting matter to the flow of water in a stream.