GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A confined aquifer is an aquifer below the land surface that is saturated with water. Layers of impermeable material are both above and below the aquifer, causing it to be under pressure so that when the aquifer is penetrated by a well, the water will rise above the top of the aquifer.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are two general types of aquifers: confined and unconfined. Confined aquifers have a layer of impenetrable rock or clay above them, while unconfined aquifers lie below a permeable layer of soil.

Detailed explanation-3: -Confined aquifers could also be referred to as “Artesian aquifers” which could be found most above the base of confined rock layers. Punctured wells deriving their sources from artesian aquifers have fluctuation in their water levels due more to pressure change than quantity of stored water.

Detailed explanation-4: -Porous/permeable layers are called aquifers; impermeable layers called aquicludes.