GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The vadose zone has low water content relative to the saturated zone below the water table and is therefore commonly referred to as the unsaturated zone. Above the capillary fringe, vadose-zone pore spaces are generally air-filled, with thin water films coating solid particles.

Detailed explanation-2: -The soil surface above the water table is called the unsaturated zone, where both oxygen and water fill the spaces between sediments. The unsaturated zone is also called the zone of aeration due to the presence of oxygen in the soil.

Detailed explanation-3: -The unsaturated zone, immediately below the land surface, contains water and air in the open spaces, or pores.

Detailed explanation-4: -ZONE OF AERATION: The area of an unconfined aquifer above the water table where the pore spaces among soil particles and rock formations are filled with air.

Detailed explanation-5: -(1)-The zone immediately below the zone of aeration, in which all the pore spaces within the soil and cracks in the rocks are fully saturated with water. The moisture in this zone is properly called groundwater.