EARTH SCIENCE
GROUNDWATER
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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the movement of water from a confined aquifer into surface water
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the movement of surface water and precipitation through the soil and rock
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the movement of water from streams and rivers to watersheds
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the movement of surface water through impermeable rock
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Detailed explanation-1: -Most groundwater comes from precipitation. Precipitation infiltrates below the ground surface into the soil zone. When the soil zone becomes saturated, water percolates downward. A zone of saturation occurs where all the interstices are filled with water.
Detailed explanation-2: -Groundwater is fresh water (from rain or melting ice and snow) that soaks into the soil and is stored in the tiny spaces (pores) between rocks and particles of soil. Groundwater accounts for nearly 95 percent of the nation’s fresh water resources.
Detailed explanation-3: -Rainwater is the main source of groundwater. Rainwater recharges the groundwater through the process of the water cycle. Groundwater is one of the important sources of water in our country.
Detailed explanation-4: -How do we get groundwater? Water in aquifers may be brought to the surface naturally through a spring, or can be discharged into lakes and streams. However, most groundwater is brought to the surface by pumping it through a well (which draws the water like soda through a straw) that is drilled into the aquifer.
Detailed explanation-5: -Topography and geology are the dominant factors controlling groundwater flow. Storativity describes the property of an aquifer to store water. Hydraulic conductivity is measured by performing a pumping test, i.e. by pumping one well and observing the changes in hydraulic head in neighboring wells.