GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Some of the water that falls on land soaks into the ground. Water penetrates the ground through joints or small pore spaces between particles via a process known as infiltration. 2. The water contained in spaces within bedrock and regolith is referred to as Groundwater.

Detailed explanation-2: -Infiltration and percolation Water infiltrates the soil by moving through the surface. Percolation is the movement of water through the soil itself. Finally, as the water percolates into the deeper layers of the soil, it reaches ground water, which is water below the surface.

Detailed explanation-3: -Infiltration is the process of water entry into the soil through the earth’s surface. The water at the soil surface can originate from rain, snowmelt or anthropogenic activities (e.g. to regulate groundwater formation by artificial infiltration).

Detailed explanation-4: -It runs over the surface into rivers, lakes or the ocean, and becomes surface water, or it soaks into the earth and becomes groundwater. When water enters soil-infiltration-gravity pulls it down through the unsaturated zone where spaces between soil particles are empty and water can readily pass through.

Detailed explanation-5: -Groundwater is derived from rain and melting snow that percolate downward from the surface; it collects in the open pore spaces between soil particles or in cracks and fissures in bedrock. The process of percolation is called infiltration.