GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Surface cover and runoff. Surface cover is a major factor to control erosion because it reduces the impact of raindrops falling on bare soils and wind removing soil particles. It also reduces the speed of water flowing over the land.

Detailed explanation-2: -Afforestation is the best way to prevent soil erosion as planting the trees holds in soil that prevents the washing of the fertility of the soil. Afforestation helps in the retention of water and thus conserves soil.

Detailed explanation-3: -The longer the slope, the steeper the grade, and the smoother the surface, the larger is the potential for erosion. Along with quantity of rainfall, slope characteristics determine the speed of flow. The faster the water flows, the greater the potential for erosion and sedimentation.

Detailed explanation-4: -The watershed area and the volume of water that drains from it relates directly to the size and flow of the primary stream or water body. Other factors that make each watershed distinctive include its mosaic of land uses, soil types, geology, topography, and climate.