GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Floods are the most frequent type of natural disaster and occur when an overflow of water submerges land that is usually dry. Floods are often caused by heavy rainfall, rapid snowmelt or a storm surge from a tropical cyclone or tsunami in coastal areas.

Detailed explanation-2: -Warmer temperatures cause more water to evaporate into the air and allow that air to hold more water. This sets the stage for heavier downpours. At the same time, global temperatures influence the way heat and moisture move around the planet, meaning drier conditions will occur in some regions of the world.

Detailed explanation-3: -When there is an outflow of water in a place, it is said to be flooded. The situation caused when the water becomes uncontrollable is said to be flooded. The flood may take different forms such as in the form of heavy rainfall when there is a breaking of the dam. Furthermore, the melting of snow also leads to flooding.

Detailed explanation-4: -Rainfall is the source of flood discharge and is critical in the flood recession process at different temporal resolutions. A higher-than-usual rainfall may lead to a rapid drop in the daily streamflow (and water level) (Ronchail et al.

Detailed explanation-5: -The rivers a bring heavy sediment load from catchments. These, coupled with inadequate carrying capacity of rivers are responsible for causing floods, drainage congestion and erosion of river-banks. Cyclones, cyclonic circulations and cloud bursts cause flash floods and lead to huge losses.