GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Irrigation is possible only when there is enough water in nearby rivers, lakes, or streams, or from groundwater. During a drought, these water sources are diminished and may even dry up, preventing crops from being irrigated and causing them to die off.

Detailed explanation-2: -Drought interferes with growth, nutrient and water relations, photosynthesis, assimilate partitioning and ultimately cause a significant reduction in crop yields (Farooq et al., 2009b; Praba et al., 2009).

Detailed explanation-3: -Drought is among the causes of hunger and malnutrition, decreasing agricultural output, and poor nutrition. Many deaths caused in children are due to hunger situations, and one in four children face stunted growth.

Detailed explanation-4: -Most specialty crops (such as fruits, vegetables, tree nuts, and medicinal herbs) are more vulnerable to drought than field crops and have a higher value per unit of land/water. They may therefore represent a higher risk for experiencing economic loss in drought if the crop water demand exceeds water supply.

Detailed explanation-5: -One of the main causes for famine is drought. Drought is the deficiency of rainfall over an extended period. Due to lack of water resources, crop won’t grow which results in famine.