GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The upper stratum, which usually has the highest dissolved oxygen concentration and is characterized by a temperature gradient of less that 1°C per metre of depth, is the epilimnion (literally the “upon-lake” or the “upper lake”).

Detailed explanation-2: -In many lakes, however, this two-layer model is too simple and a much thicker gradient layer, the metalimnion, separates the epilimnion and the hypolimnion.

Detailed explanation-3: -epilimnion (EP-uh-LIM-nee-on) The upper layer of water in a thermally stratified lake or reservoir. This layer consists of the warmest water and has a fairly uniform (constant) temperature. The layer is readily mixed by wind action.

Detailed explanation-4: -For epilimnion temperature the median RMSE was 2.6 °C for FLake and 2.3 °C for air2water. FLake simulated hypolimnion temperatures with a median RMSE of 3.3 °C. The quality of the epilimnion temperature simulations was similar for most water body types (Fig. 10 left), with median RMSE between 1.3 °C and 1.7 °C.

Detailed explanation-5: -Typically stratified lakes show three distinct layers, the Epilimnion comprising the top warm layer, the thermocline (or Metalimnion): the middle layer, which may change depth throughout the day, and the colder Hypolimnion extending to the floor of the lake.