GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The nucleus, with its four protons and five neutrons, is surrounded by a cloud of electrons. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that at the core of every atom is a nucleus. Atomic nuclei consist of electrically positive protons and electrically neutral neutrons.

Detailed explanation-2: -An atom consists of a central nucleus that is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons. The nucleus is positively charged and contains one or more relatively heavy particles known as protons and neutrons.

Detailed explanation-3: -The nucleus (or center) of an atom is made up of protons and neutrons. The number of protons in the nucleus, known as the “atomic number, ” primarily determines where that atom fits on the Periodic Table.