GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Earth’s magnetic and geographic poles are in different places, and magnetic declination is the angular difference between the direction a compass needle points and the direction to the geographic North Pole. For most of the populated world, this angle is between zero and 30 degrees.

Detailed explanation-2: -Declination is the angle in the horizontal plane between magnetic north and geographic north. It changes with time and geographic location. On a map of the Earth, lines along which there is zero declination are called agonic lines.

Detailed explanation-3: -At most places on the Earth’s surface, the compass doesn’t point exactly toward geographic north. The deviation of the compass from true north is an angle called “declination” (or “magnetic declination").

Detailed explanation-4: -If the Earth were not tilted on its axis of rotation, the declination would always be 0°. However, the Earth is tilted by 23.45° and the declination angle varies plus or minus this amount. Only at the spring and fall equinoxes is the declination angle equal to 0°.