GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Magnetic north is determined by the direction of a compass points. So, the magnetic north and south poles of the earth are different from its geographical north and south poles.

Detailed explanation-2: -Earth’s geographic and magnetic poles are not exactly aligned because they arise from different mechanisms. Earth’s magnetic field is caused by circulating currents of liquid iron in the outer core. Furthermore, earth’s magnetic poles are constantly changing location relative to earth’s geographic poles.

Detailed explanation-3: -Magnetic north is the direction towards the north magnetic pole, which is a wandering point where the Earth’s magnetic field goes vertically down into the planet. The north magnetic pole is currently about 400km south of the north geographic pole, but can move to about 1, 000km away.

Detailed explanation-4: -As Earth’s magnetic field varies over time, the positions of the North and South Magnetic Poles gradually change. Magnetic declination-the angle between magnetic North and true North-at a given location also changes over time.

Detailed explanation-5: -This dipole defines an axis that intersects the Earth’s surface at two antipodal points called geomagnetic poles. Based on the WMM2020 coefficients for 2020.0 the geomagnetic north pole is at 72.68°W longitude and 80.65°N latitude, and the geomagnetic south pole is at 107.32°E longitude and 80.65°S latitude.