GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In unmagnetized materials the domains are randomly aligned in different directions and cancel each other out. In a magnet all the domains are oriented in the same direction. In the case of a nail, the domains can be aligned in the same direction causing the nail to become magnetic.

Detailed explanation-2: -A domain is a region inside of a material where groups of magnetic moments naturally align in the same direction. There can be numerous domains within an object. When there is no external magnetic field present, the domains are also oriented randomly so that there is no net magnetic field.

Detailed explanation-3: -In an unmagnetized object, like the initial piece of metal in our experiment below, all the magnetic domains are pointing in different directions. When the metal becomes magnetized, which is what happens when it is rubbed with a strong magnet, all like magnetic poles line up and point in the same direction.

Detailed explanation-4: -Domains get aligned along with the magnetic field direction only when the field is quite strong. The field forces them to rotate.