GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The iron fillings when sprinkled on a sheet of cardboard placed over a bar magnet take up a definite pattern(curved lines) when the cardboard is slightly tapped because every piece of the iron filling turns into a magnet due to the process of magnetic induction of the magnet.

Detailed explanation-2: -When the iron filings are sprinkled, those very close to the magnet, where the magnetic force is the strongest, will cling to the magnet. Those filings a little farther away, where the magnetic force is less strong, will align themselves with the magnetic flux lines, but they will not be drawn to cling to the magnet.

Detailed explanation-3: -Solution : This is due to the reason that each piece of iron filling becomes a small magnet and experiences a force in a certain direction in the magnetic field due to the magnet.

Detailed explanation-4: -Q. The force exerted by magnets on iron objects is called magnetic force.

Detailed explanation-5: -Magnetic lines of force are imaginary lines that represent the direction of the magnetic field as we move from one pole to the other. The magnetic lines of force can be compared to rubber bands in that they contract when the magnetic force is removed and expand when the magnetic force is increased.