GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -It is difficult to predict the Northern Lights over the long term. Coronal mass ejections, which cause most of the solar storms and, therefore, stronger Auroras, are forecast 15 days in advance, but their strength and shape can vary once they get closer to Earth.

Detailed explanation-2: -As a naturally occurring phenomenon, the appearance of the Northern Lights is notoriously difficult to predict any further in advance than about two hours before it happens.

Detailed explanation-3: -Auroras occur when charged particles (electrons and protons) collide with gases in Earth’s upper atmosphere. Those collisions produce tiny flashes that fill the sky with colourful light. As billions of flashes occur in sequence, the auroras appear to move or “ dance “ in the sky.

Detailed explanation-4: -Monitoring Space Weather to Predict Auroras NOAA scientists at the Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) monitor and track these phenomena related to space weather and have developed methods to predict the likelihood of significant aurora.