GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Scientists know that today the Earth’s magnetic field is powered by the solidification of the planet’s liquid iron core. The cooling and crystallization of the core stirs up the surrounding liquid iron, creating powerful electric currents that generate a magnetic field stretching far out into space.

Detailed explanation-2: -Generated by the motion of molten iron in Earth’s core, the magnetic field protects our planet from cosmic radiation and from the charged particles emitted by our Sun. It also provides the basis for navigation with a compass.

Detailed explanation-3: -The magnetism of Earth’s core is due to the electrical conductivity of the liquid metal it contains. The magnetic field is thought to arise according to the so-called geodynamo model: the molten core’s movement gives rise to electric currents that in turn produce the magnetism of Earth.

Detailed explanation-4: -The outer core is responsible for Earth’s magnetic field. As Earth spins on its axis, the iron inside the liquid outer core moves around. The movement causes powerful electric currents to develop in the liquid iron itself.