GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The magnetic field is generated by electric currents due to the motion of convection currents of a mixture of molten iron and nickel in Earth’s outer core : these convection currents are caused by heat escaping from the core, a natural process called a geodynamo.

Detailed explanation-2: -The intense heat in Earth’s dense inner core causes the outer core-composed of liquid iron-to swirl and churn, generating electric currents, and driving a phenomenon called the geodynamo, which powers Earth’s magnetic field.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Earth’s magnetic field is mostly caused by electric currents in the liquid outer core. The Earth’s core is hotter than 1043 K, the Curie point temperature above which the orientations of spins within iron become randomized.

Detailed explanation-4: -Changing temperatures and the liquid iron flowing around the core cause the strength of the magnetic field to change but also cause the poles to switch places.