GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Limestone is one of the key minerals used in cement making. Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed mostly of the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and, according to the Mineral Education Coalition, comprises about 15% of the Earth’s sedimentary crust.

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbonates are a set of minerals made of carbon, oxygen, and a metal element. This calcite referred to as calcium carbonate is the maximum common of the carbonate group.

Detailed explanation-3: -The main types of the carbonate cement are calcite, dolomite, ferrodolomite and ferrocalcite and the carbonate cement abundance de-creases with depth increasing. Polarizing microscope and SEM reveal that carbonate cement occurs as pore-filling cement, replacement of feldspar, and thin rim surrounding the grains.

Detailed explanation-4: -Many minerals may become cements; the most common is silica (generally quartz), but calcite and other carbonates also undergo the process, as well as iron oxides, barite, anhydrite, zeolites, and clay minerals.