GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -petrology, scientific study of rocks that deals with their composition, texture, and structure; their occurrence and distribution; and their origin in relation to physicochemical conditions and geologic processes. It is concerned with all three major types of rocks-igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary.

Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: The branch of geology that studies earthquakes and the earth’s crust movement is called seismology.

Detailed explanation-3: -(iii) Mineralogy As a branch of geology, it deals with ‘the study of minerals’.

Detailed explanation-4: -Geology in civil engineering – branches of geology – structure of earth and its composition-weathering of rocks – scale of weathering – soils – landforms and processes associated with river, wind, sea and groundwater, relevance to civil engineering-Plate tectonics – Earth quakes – Seismic zones in India.