GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Tsunamis are large ocean waves, usually caused by an undersea earthquake, a volcanic eruption, or coastal landslide, which can cause extreme damage. A tsunami can travel hundreds of miles over the open sea and cause extensive damage when it encounters land. They are also called tidal waves.

Detailed explanation-2: -A tsunami is a series of enormous waves created by an underwater disturbance usually associated with earthquakes occurring below or near the ocean. Volcanic eruptions, submarine landslides, and coastal rock falls can also generate a tsunami, as can a large asteroid impacting the ocean.

Detailed explanation-3: -More than 80% of the world’s tsunamis occur in the Pacific along its Ring of Fire subduction zones. When a great earthquake ruptures, the faulting can cause vertical slip that is large enough to disturb the overlying ocean, thus generating a tsunami that will travel outwards in all directions.

Detailed explanation-4: -Tsunamis can be generated when a landslide displaces the water from above (subaerial) or below (submarine). Tsunami generation depends on the amount of landslide material that displaces the water, the speed it is moving, and the depth it moves to.

Detailed explanation-5: -Where this happens it is called a subduction zone. There are subduction zones off Chile, Nicaragua, Mexico and Indonesia. These areas are prone to earthquakes, which happen when the plates suddenly move against each other.