GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Seismic waves tell us that the Earth’s interior consists of a series of concentric shells, with a thin outer crust, a mantle, a liquid outer core, and a solid inner core. P waves, meaning primary waves, travel fastest and thus arrive first at seismic stations. The S, or secondary, waves arrive after the P waves.

Detailed explanation-2: -P Waves. The first kind of body wave is the P wave or primary wave. It’s the fastest kind of seismic wave, and the first to arrive at a seismic station. P waves can move through solid rock and fluids, like water or the liquid layers of the Earth.

Detailed explanation-3: -Body waves in the earth’s interior lose their amplitude rapidly as they get farther from the earthquake because they spread out inside the volume of the earth. Surface waves, however, spread out more slowly and only on the earth’s surface.

Detailed explanation-4: -Earthquakes are caused by shifts in the outer layers of Earth-a region called the lithosphere. The solid crust and top, stiff layer of the mantle make up a region called the lithosphere.