GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -As the denser tectonic plate subducts, or sinks below, or the less-dense tectonic plate, hot rock from below can intrude into the cooler plate above. This process transfers heat and creates magma. Over millions of years, the magma in this subduction zone can create a series of active volcanoes known as a volcanic arc.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are three basic ways that rocks melt to form the lavas that erupt from volcanoes: decompression, addition of volatiles, and conduction.

Detailed explanation-3: -The rock is pulled down by movements in the earth’s crust and gets hotter and hotter as it goes deeper. It takes temperatures between 600 and 1, 300 degrees Celsius (1, 100 and 2, 400 degrees Fahrenheit) to melt a rock, turning it into a substance called magma (molten rock).

Detailed explanation-4: -There are three principal ways rock behavior crosses to the right of the green solidus line to create molten magma: 1) decompression melting caused by lowering the pressure, 2) flux melting caused by adding volatiles (see more below), and 3) heat-induced melting caused by increasing the temperature.

Detailed explanation-5: -The sedimentary particles from which a sedimentary rock is formed can be derived from a metamorphic, an igneous, or another sedimentary rock. All three rock types can be melted to form a magma.